What is the name of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity?

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is known as the peritoneum. This membrane plays a crucial role in protecting and supporting the abdominal organs. It provides a smooth surface that allows the internal organs to glide against each other without friction, which is essential for normal digestive movements and other bodily functions.

Additionally, the peritoneum also has a significant role in maintaining the organization of the abdominal cavity, housing various structures and allowing for the efficient movement and function of organs within that space. The peritoneal cavity, formed by the layers of the peritoneum, contains a small amount of lubricating fluid that further facilitates movement.

In contrast, other choices refer to different serous membranes associated with other body cavities. The pericardium, for instance, is the membrane surrounding the heart, while the pleurae are the membranes surrounding the lungs. "Viscera" refers to the internal organs themselves rather than a membrane. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why the peritoneum is specifically associated with the abdominal cavity.